Here is a brief explanation of how available zones and available sets functions in Azure. It's a rough outline and not a fully exhausting explanation. Please visit the azure site for further details.
Simple Geographical Zones diagram illustration.
Availability zones are physically separate locations within a region. Each availability zone is made up of more than one data center. Each availability is equipped with its own power and networking. Each region will have a collection of Data Centers (DC). It could in the region of 16.
Region X will be paired for resiliency and power or any outage. Both regions are in the same country but could be a number of miles apart from each other normally 300 miles.
There are roughly three availability zones per region.
Having pair regions provides High Availability, Fault Tolerance, Fail Over, and Disaster Recovery.
It is important that update a tolerance policy in place where one data center is updated at a time. A backup policy will help in case DC goes down then quick disaster recovery can take place.
Updates one region at a time to ensure that at least one is available at any time.
Each region can be paired for replication. Updates are allowed for one region at a time to ensure that at least one is available at any time.
When selecting a region to ensure the followings are considered:
- Features available
- Close to the consumer
- Cost of the region
- Any low latency needs to be taken into consideration
- Compliance
- Policy and other specific region requirements
Azure Sets
Availability Sets allow to spread load into different racks but within the same data center.
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